In this Linux system administration tutorial you will learn how to create a user on an Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) system with screenshots and instructions.
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Description
Aug 09, 2018 By following this post you will be able to generate SSH keys on Windows 10 using Ubuntu on Windows and PuTTy. Generating these keys from Linux is easy, and thanks to Ubuntu on Windows, you can follow the same process from Windows 10. But even without Ubuntu, SSH keys can also be generated with the free and open source Windows application, PuTTy.
System administrators create user accounts to allow access to the system or system services. To add a new user, you will use the useradd command.
Syntax
The syntax for the useradd command is:
Prerequisites
The useradd command requires the following parameters:
- -u User_ID
- The -u parameter indicates that a user number will follow. This is the user number that will be assigned to this new user. The user number must be unique.
- -g Group
- The -g parameter indicates that a group number will follow. This can be either a group ID or group name that the user should be assigned to.
- -d Directory_Path
- Optional. The -d parameter sets the location of the user's home directory as specified by Directory_Path. Setting the home directory does not guarantee that the directory exists (see the -m parameter).
- -m
- Optional. The -m parameter creates the user's home directory if it does not already exist.
- -c 'Full_User_Name'
- Optional. This is an optional comment field but is generally used to hold the user's full name so the account can easily be identified. The Full_User_Name must be wrapped in quotations if it contains spaces.
- User_Name
- The user name of the account you would like to add. This must be unique and will be the account name that is used to log in.
NOTE: In this tutorial we will not be specifiying the -d parameter. This tells the system to use the default directory path of /home/User_Name for the home directory.
Prerequisites
To complete this tutorial you will require a running Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS system and an account with sudo administrative privileges. The sudo command is used to provide the superuser privileges required for the useradd command.
Create a User
The following steps will guide you through creating a user on an Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS system.
- To begin adding a new user to your system, you will need to be logged in using a valid user account for your system. If you are unsure of how to do this, read our tutorial on Logging into Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS.In this tutorial, we have logged in as techonthenet on the host called ubuntu.
- We will add a new user called jsmith which has a User ID of 10000, a home directory of /home/jsmith and is a member of the group called students which has a Group ID of 10000.To add the user called jsmith, we would enter the following command:The following screenshot demonstrates what you will see.When you have entered the command, press the Enter key to execute the command.
- The sudo command will now prompt you to enter the password for your administrator account.Please note that no characters will show as you type your password. This is normal and is important to preserve the security of your password.After you have entered your password, press the Enter key to continue.
- If all goes well, you will see the system prompt appear again without any errors. This indicates that the new user called jsmith has been added successfully.
- In this step we will check to ensure that the new user called jsmith was added to the system. Since new users are added to the end of the system passwd file called /etc/passwd, we can use the tail command to verify that the new user was added.Enter the following tail command after the system prompt to show the last few lines of the system passwd file:The following screenshot demonstrates what the command will look like after it is typed.When you have entered the command, press the Enter key to execute the command.
- As seen in the screenshot below, the following line appears at the end of the /etc/passwd file indicating that the jsmith user was created.
- After creating a new user it is very important to assign a password to the new account. To set a password for the jsmith account enter the following command after the system prompt:The command will look like the following:When you have entered the command, press the Enter key to execute the command.
- The passwd command will now prompt you to enter the password you would like to associate with the jsmith account.Enter the password and press the Enter key when done.
- The passwd command will now prompt you to re-enter the password to ensure that the passwords match.Re-enter the password and press the Enter key when done.
- If all goes well, you will see the following line appear as it does in the screenshot below:This indicates that the password was successfully changed.Congratulations, you have successfully added a new user to your Ubuntu Linux Server 14.04 LTS system!
Introduction
Establishing an SSH (Secure Shell) connection is essential to log in and effectively manage a remote server. Encrypted keys are a set of access credentials used to establish a secure connection.
This guide will walk you how to generate SSH keys on Ubuntu 18.04. We will also cover setting up SSH key-based authentication to connect to a remote server without requiring a password.
- A server running Ubuntu 18.04
- A user account with sudo privileges
- Access to a terminal window / command line (Ctrl-Alt-T)
If you are already running an Ubuntu 18.04 server, you can skip this step. If you are configuring your server for the first time, you may not have SSH installed.
1. Start by installing the tasksel package:
The system will first ask for confirmation before proceeding:
2. Next, use tasksel to install the ssh-server:
3. Load the SSH server service, and set it to launch at boot:
On your client system – the one you’re using to connect to the server – you need to create a pair of key codes.
To generate a pair of SSH key codes, enter the commands:
This will create a hidden directory to store your SSH keys, and modify the permissions for that directory. The ssh-keygen command creates a 2048-bit RSA key pair.
For extra security, use RSA4096:
If you’ve already generated a key pair, this will prompt to overwrite them, and those old keys will not work anymore.
The system will ask you to create a passphrase as an added layer of security. Input a memorable passphrase, and press Enter.
![Ssh Ssh](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126071700/552483572.png)
Generate Ssh Key Ubuntu
This process creates two keys. One is a public key, which you can hand out to anyone – in this case, you’ll save it to the server. The other one is a private key, which you will need to keep secure. The secure private key ensures that you are the only person who can encrypt the data that is decrypted by the public key.
Step 2- Copy Public Key to the Ubuntu Server
First, get the IP address of the Ubuntu server you want to connect to.
In a terminal window, enter:
The system’s IP address is listed in the second entry:
On the client system, use the ssh-copy-id command to copy the identity information to the Ubuntu server:
Replace server_IP with the actual IP address of your server.
If this is the first time you’re connecting to the server, you may see a message that the authenticity of the host cannot be established:
Type yes and press Enter.
The system will check your client system for the id_rsa.pub key that was previously generated. Then it will prompt you to enter the password for the server user account. Type it in (the system won’t display the password), and press Enter.
The system will copy the contents of the ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub from the client system into the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys directory of the server system.
The system should display:
If your system does not have the ssh-copy-id command, you can copy the key manually over the SSH.
Use the following command:
To log in to a remote server, input the command:
The system should not ask for a password as it is negotiating a secure connection using the SSH keys. If you used a security passphrase, you would be prompted to enter it. After you do so, you are logged in.
If this is the first time you’ve logged into the server, you may see a message similar to the one in part two. It will ask if you are sure you want to connect – type yes and press Enter.
Step 4- Disable Password Authentication
This step creates an added layer of security. If you’re the only person logging into the server, you can disable the password. The server will only accept a login with your private key to match the stored public key.
Edit the sshd_config file:
Search the file and find the PasswordAuthentication option.
Edit the file and change the value to no:
Save the file and exit, then restart the SSH service:
Verify that SSH is still working, before ending the session:
If everything works, you can close out and resume work normally.
Generate Ssh Key Ubuntu 18.04
By following the instructions in this tutorial, you have setup SSH-key-based authentication on an Ubuntu 18.04 server.
Ubuntu Add Ssh Key
The connection is now highly secure as it uses a set of unique, encrypted SSH keys.
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